The First Sino-Japanese War (甲午戰爭, 1894-1895) and Treaty of Shimonoseki (馬關條約)

  Read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War

Treaty of Shimonoseki
Article 1: China recognizes definitively the full and complete independence and autonomy of Korea, and, in consequence, the payment of tribute and the performance of ceremonies and formalities by Korea to China, that are in derogation of such independence and autonomy, shall wholly cease for the future.
Articles 2 & 3: China cedes to Japan in perpetuity and full sovereignty of the Pescadores group, Formosa (Taiwan) and the eastern portion of the bay of Liaodong Peninsula (Dalian) together with all fortifications, arsenals and public property.
Article 4: China agrees to pay to Japan as a war indemnity the sum of 200,000,000 Kuping taels ( 7,500,000 kilograms/16,534,500 pounds of silver ).
Article 5: China opens Shashih, Chungking, Soochow and Hangchow to Japan. Moreover, China is to grant Japan most favoured nation status for foreign trade. (which is equal to, not above, the trade relations granted to UK, US and France in 1843-44 and Russia in 1858)
Read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimonoseki